The Different Kinds of Air Compressors and Their Uses

Air compressors are essential tools for DIYers, auto shops, carpenters, and other tradespeople in various industries. Air compressors compress and pressurize air, which powers pneumatic tools such as nail guns, paint sprayers, impact wrenches, and more. A reliable air compressor can significantly improve your project’s speed and efficiency, whether you’re a professional carpenter or simply tackling a weekend DIY assignment. Learn about the different kinds of air compressors and their uses.

Dynamic vs. Positive Displacement Air Compressors

Dynamic air compressors, also known as centrifugal compressors, work on the principle of dynamic displacement. They increase air pressure by using fast-rotating impellers to accelerate the air, which is then decelerated, resulting in increased pressure. These compressors are typically used in high-speed applications where a large amount of air needs to be compressed quickly, such as in power plants or large industrial facilities.

Positive displacement air compressors work by drawing in a specific amount of air and then reducing its volume to increase the pressure. This is achieved by trapping air in a compression chamber and reducing its volume mechanically, for instance, by a piston in a cylinder. Positive displacement compressors are more common and are typically used in applications that require lower pressure but higher volume, such as inflating tires, powering air tools, and in HVAC systems.

The key difference between these two different kinds of air compressors and their uses lies in their method of operation (kinetic energy versus mechanical means to achieve pressurization) and their typical applications.

Types of Positive Displacement Compressors

Reciprocating Air Compressors

Reciprocating air compressors use a piston and cylinder mechanism to compress air. They are suitable for DIYers, small auto shops, carpenters, painters, and others who use them often, even daily. Reciprocating air compressors are by far the most popular compressors for most DIYers, homebuilders, garages, and workshops.

With such frequent use, even the most durable of these compressors experience wear and tear. Master Tool Repair supplies replacement parts for a wide variety of air compressors, including Campbell Hausfeld air compressors. Repairing your machine rather than replacing it can save you money while keeping your air compressor machine running for years to come.

Rotary Screw Air Compressors

Using a pair of helical screws, rotary screw compressors provide continuous airflow for jobs that require a consistent supply of compressed air. They are often found in larger auto shops or manufacturing facilities, as they tend to be more powerful than reciprocating models.

Dynamic Air Compressors

Centrifugal Air Compressors

As the most advanced type of compressor, centrifugal air compressors utilize a rotating impeller to generate air pressure. Their high-performance capabilities make them ideal for industrial applications. They are typically not used for smaller operations or DIY projects.

Axial Flow Air Compressors

An axial flow air compressor uses fan-like blades to draw in and compress air. As the air enters the compressor, it moves parallel to the axis of rotation, passing through several stages of rotating and stationary blades. Each stage incrementally increases the pressure of the air. Axial flow air compressors are commonly used in large, high-speed, large-volume industrial applications.

Air compressors provide a wide range of benefits to DIYers and professionals alike. By investing in the right air compressor and following proper maintenance and safety guidelines, you can substantially improve your efficiency, productivity, and overall enjoyment of your work.